Selasa, 9 Ogos 2011
Selasa, 12 Julai 2011
GREEN ENVIRONMENT
1) Pretend you are part of the orchard is large with many trees around. How do you feel being cut?-If I am part of a large garden with many trees around, I feel very sad if I cut. At first I felt very lucky because I provide protection to humans and animals as a shelter from the rain as the sun. I feel very sad. Although I can not speak, that does not mean I can not feel what is needed by humans and animals that are around me. I wonder, do they also feel what I feel? I am very disappointed because they did not feel what I feel. Pain, pain, misery and sorrow that I bear for their selfish and not think what would happen if the occurrence of widespread deforestation.
2) What will happen to all the animals that need protection from you?Effects on animals that need protection from me is a natural habitat for many animals and organisms will be affected and the occurrence of extinction as a result of homelessness. That's why, when there is a lot of deforestation, many animals that live in the jungle no shelter. Those who succeed through the flat lands and residential sites and then killed by humans.Through the years, it is estimated that there are millions of plant and animal species have become extinct because they have eliminated the homeless. Therefore, significantly reduced biodiversity as deforestation violent practices by some.The wildlife advocates have always warned that the number of wild animals living in the world could still be saved if deforested forests would only reforested and the practice of burning the forest and will be abandoned altogether.
3) What will happen to the environment after you cut?
-Environment will be affected by changes in temperature in the vicinity. Natural forest cool because it helps retain moisture in the air.
-The second is a long process of global climate change. As mentioned above, deforestation has been found to contribute to global warming or that process when climates around the world getting warmer more harmful rays of the sun coming through the atmosphere.
-The ozone layer is the mass of oxygen or O3 atoms that serves as a shield in the atmosphere to ultraviolet rays from the sun's dangerous. Because ozone is made up of atoms of oxygen, oxygen reacts with carbon monoxide. Reactions such will use oxygen atom.
-It follows that when there are more atoms of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere, the amount of oxygen is diminished. Such is the case of ozone depletion.
Third to the environmental effects will be above the water table below ground. Water levels are common sources of natural drinking water by people living around forests.
Water re-add table. This means that the groundwater supply can also be dry if not replenished regularly. When there is rain, forests hold much of the rainfall into the soil through their roots.
-The water sinks deeper into the ground, and ultimately help increase the supply of water in the water table. Now, imagine what happens when there is no longer enough forest. Water from rain alone will flow through the ground and not be retained by the soil.
-Or, the water from the rain will not stay on the ground, to the process of evaporation would immediately. Therefore, the water level is not replenished, leading to drying of wells.
4) What changes will take place in the environment after you cut?
The changes will take place in the environment after the cut are: -
Soil Erosion: When cleared forest areas, it causes the soil exposed to the sun, making it very dry and eventually, infertile, because of volatile nutrients such as nitrogen is lost. In addition, in the event of rain, it washed the other nutrients, which flows into the flow of rain water. Therefore, simply replanting trees can not help to solve the problems caused by deforestation, for a mature trees, the soil will not really have the essential nutrients. Finally, the planting of the earth will become impossible, resulting in a wasted land. Large tracts of land will be remain poor because of soil erosion.
Water Cycle Disorders: Trees contribute in a big way in maintaining the water cycle. They make the water through their roots, which are then released into the atmosphere. The bulk of the water circulating in the rain forest ecosystems, for example, remains in the plant. When trees are cut down cause dry climate in the area.
Biodiversity loss: a unique variety of geography, biodiversity is being lost on a scale quite unprecedented. Although tropical rain forests is only 6 percent of the Earth's surface, about 80-90 percent of the worldwide species exist here. Because of deforestation on a large scale, about 50 to 100 species are lost every day. Results of the extinction of animals and plants on a large scale.
Flood and Drought: One of the important functions of forests is to absorb and store large amounts of water quickly when there is rain. When forests are cut down, this is regulation of water flow is disrupted, leading to alternating periods of flooding and drought in affected areas.
Climate Change: It is well known that global warming is largely caused by emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. However, what is not known a bit and is that deforestation has associations with the production of the carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Trees act as the main storage depot for carbon, because they absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which is then used to produce carbohydrates, fats, and proteins that form a tree. When deforestation occurs, many trees they burned or allowed to decay, resulting in release of carbon stored in them as carbon dioxide. This, in turn leading to greater concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
5) The message you want to give to people cutting down trees.
A message that I will give to those who chop down trees is to stop destroying the forest, so precious to us. Forest is a blessing to the earth endowed with natural resources differently. Extensive deforestation means an increase in pollution, global warming, natural disasters such as floods and droughts. Moreover, they should stop for cutting of tropical forests. Because certain species of rebirth that will help about the flora and fauna. There are certain measures be taken to preserve the natural beauty of the whole
People must be provided with specific knowledge about the ecosystem of the earth so that people know the importance of trees and stop cutting trees illegally. It should be special programs for children can teach their elders how important trees to the existence of the earths. Children must be taught the importance of trees because children today are tomorrow's future. Education should not however stop among school children in the age, but must be continued to the top level, the parents should be taught preventive measures deforestation. However, education has become the easiest way to transfer messages. Saving the forest is the duty of the people around the world. Measures to be taken by people to save and preserve the forest.
To save the forests, eco-tourism should be encouraged so that people feel that the forest is important in attracting tourists to their country.
-Environment will be affected by changes in temperature in the vicinity. Natural forest cool because it helps retain moisture in the air.
-The second is a long process of global climate change. As mentioned above, deforestation has been found to contribute to global warming or that process when climates around the world getting warmer more harmful rays of the sun coming through the atmosphere.
-The ozone layer is the mass of oxygen or O3 atoms that serves as a shield in the atmosphere to ultraviolet rays from the sun's dangerous. Because ozone is made up of atoms of oxygen, oxygen reacts with carbon monoxide. Reactions such will use oxygen atom.
-It follows that when there are more atoms of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere, the amount of oxygen is diminished. Such is the case of ozone depletion.
Third to the environmental effects will be above the water table below ground. Water levels are common sources of natural drinking water by people living around forests.
Water re-add table. This means that the groundwater supply can also be dry if not replenished regularly. When there is rain, forests hold much of the rainfall into the soil through their roots.
-The water sinks deeper into the ground, and ultimately help increase the supply of water in the water table. Now, imagine what happens when there is no longer enough forest. Water from rain alone will flow through the ground and not be retained by the soil.
-Or, the water from the rain will not stay on the ground, to the process of evaporation would immediately. Therefore, the water level is not replenished, leading to drying of wells.
4) What changes will take place in the environment after you cut?
The changes will take place in the environment after the cut are: -
Soil Erosion: When cleared forest areas, it causes the soil exposed to the sun, making it very dry and eventually, infertile, because of volatile nutrients such as nitrogen is lost. In addition, in the event of rain, it washed the other nutrients, which flows into the flow of rain water. Therefore, simply replanting trees can not help to solve the problems caused by deforestation, for a mature trees, the soil will not really have the essential nutrients. Finally, the planting of the earth will become impossible, resulting in a wasted land. Large tracts of land will be remain poor because of soil erosion.
Water Cycle Disorders: Trees contribute in a big way in maintaining the water cycle. They make the water through their roots, which are then released into the atmosphere. The bulk of the water circulating in the rain forest ecosystems, for example, remains in the plant. When trees are cut down cause dry climate in the area.
Biodiversity loss: a unique variety of geography, biodiversity is being lost on a scale quite unprecedented. Although tropical rain forests is only 6 percent of the Earth's surface, about 80-90 percent of the worldwide species exist here. Because of deforestation on a large scale, about 50 to 100 species are lost every day. Results of the extinction of animals and plants on a large scale.
Flood and Drought: One of the important functions of forests is to absorb and store large amounts of water quickly when there is rain. When forests are cut down, this is regulation of water flow is disrupted, leading to alternating periods of flooding and drought in affected areas.
Climate Change: It is well known that global warming is largely caused by emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. However, what is not known a bit and is that deforestation has associations with the production of the carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Trees act as the main storage depot for carbon, because they absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which is then used to produce carbohydrates, fats, and proteins that form a tree. When deforestation occurs, many trees they burned or allowed to decay, resulting in release of carbon stored in them as carbon dioxide. This, in turn leading to greater concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
5) The message you want to give to people cutting down trees.
A message that I will give to those who chop down trees is to stop destroying the forest, so precious to us. Forest is a blessing to the earth endowed with natural resources differently. Extensive deforestation means an increase in pollution, global warming, natural disasters such as floods and droughts. Moreover, they should stop for cutting of tropical forests. Because certain species of rebirth that will help about the flora and fauna. There are certain measures be taken to preserve the natural beauty of the whole
People must be provided with specific knowledge about the ecosystem of the earth so that people know the importance of trees and stop cutting trees illegally. It should be special programs for children can teach their elders how important trees to the existence of the earths. Children must be taught the importance of trees because children today are tomorrow's future. Education should not however stop among school children in the age, but must be continued to the top level, the parents should be taught preventive measures deforestation. However, education has become the easiest way to transfer messages. Saving the forest is the duty of the people around the world. Measures to be taken by people to save and preserve the forest.
To save the forests, eco-tourism should be encouraged so that people feel that the forest is important in attracting tourists to their country.
6) What do you think the use of technology to reduce and minimize the problem?
I think the use of technology to reduce and minimize problems that could increase deforestation solution. For example, recycling benefits the environment. By recycling, we could save the cost of living and take care of our environment. As mentioned earlier, recycling a single ton of paper can save nearly 17 trees from cuttings. Deforestation is a major cause of concern globally. In addition, issues such as soil erosion, acid rain, global warming, and others directly or indirectly connected to. So, you recycle, the more you contribute in making the earth greener.
After that, we can also save energy. Did you know that by recycling one glass bottle, we can save enough energy to light a bulb for 4 hours! Production of materials to use more energy than recycling the same materials. For example, cutting trees to make new paper will take more time and energy than recycling paper. Same case with the steel to take a lot of energy in manufacturing than recycling.After, the productivity of land cleared of rain forest can be obtained using better technology to produce higher crop yields.
- Taking advantage of better germplasm developed through a careful selection can produce grass and plants that will grow on degraded forest land. While technology can speed up development and reduce the suffering of the tropical rain forest, it will be one key to save them.
I think the use of technology to reduce and minimize problems that could increase deforestation solution. For example, recycling benefits the environment. By recycling, we could save the cost of living and take care of our environment. As mentioned earlier, recycling a single ton of paper can save nearly 17 trees from cuttings. Deforestation is a major cause of concern globally. In addition, issues such as soil erosion, acid rain, global warming, and others directly or indirectly connected to. So, you recycle, the more you contribute in making the earth greener.
After that, we can also save energy. Did you know that by recycling one glass bottle, we can save enough energy to light a bulb for 4 hours! Production of materials to use more energy than recycling the same materials. For example, cutting trees to make new paper will take more time and energy than recycling paper. Same case with the steel to take a lot of energy in manufacturing than recycling.After, the productivity of land cleared of rain forest can be obtained using better technology to produce higher crop yields.
- Taking advantage of better germplasm developed through a careful selection can produce grass and plants that will grow on degraded forest land. While technology can speed up development and reduce the suffering of the tropical rain forest, it will be one key to save them.
7) In your opinion, this blog will stimulate environmental awareness among the public. Elaborate.
In my opinion, this blog will stimulate environmental awareness among the public: -
Blogger blogs can arrange a meeting to discuss the problem that bloggers have a strong influence. For example, discuss the problem of deforestation.
-Blogs as a medium of advertising.
-Blogs are also a bit of awareness to society of environmental damage.
-Through the blog, we can organize a campaign to save the forests we have to give a message to the community. Not only that, but parties can be aware of our proposals as a guide to reduce deforestation and protect the surrounding environment is also living in the forest habitat.
In my opinion, this blog will stimulate environmental awareness among the public: -
Blogger blogs can arrange a meeting to discuss the problem that bloggers have a strong influence. For example, discuss the problem of deforestation.
-Blogs as a medium of advertising.
-Blogs are also a bit of awareness to society of environmental damage.
-Through the blog, we can organize a campaign to save the forests we have to give a message to the community. Not only that, but parties can be aware of our proposals as a guide to reduce deforestation and protect the surrounding environment is also living in the forest habitat.
Selasa, 5 Julai 2011
GROUP ASSIGNMENT 30.06.2011 until 14.07.2011
Effects of Land Development to the Environment
Land conversion from forest to agriculture has resulted in widespread deforestation. Apart from reducing the amount of the original forests and forest biodiversity and wildlife, deforestation also contributes to soil erosion, sedimentation, damage to slopes and landslide in Malaysia
Continuing deforestation and deforestation in the catchment area will affect the water supply and quality of water resources, affect the ability of the ground water intake and cause more flooding in lowland areas.
Agricultural development support U.S. $ 30 billion in sales of pesticides each year worldwide. Approximately 40% of the total spent in developing countries to toxic compounds such as DDT, and organochlorine orgonofosfat.
According to Repetto and Baliga (1996), Malaysia is one of the most extensive use of pesticides most extensively in Asia. The amount of pesticides used per hectare of crops for 1992, reported 9.2 kg / ha which is nearly ten times the amount used in Thailand for the same period.
In addition to problems of water pollution due to intensive use, the people who use spray and machine operators spray the pesticide will be at risk due to exposure through the skin, particularly when using equipment that is perfect for mixing or spraying pesticides.
Economic wealth can be achieved from the development of the mining industry to reduce damage to the environment, not more than other forms of development. Many mining operations conduct environmental impact assessment.
A related mineral policy has been drafted to take account of environmental factors through the use of performance bonds and other physical measures. However, small scale mining and quarrying operations should be repaired immediately to the management of their environment.
Research shows that small-scale gold mine may interfere with the natural permanent water sources, causing severe sedimentation problems in downstream operations and result in acid mine drainage. In addition, sand mining operations in the plains as well as land reclamation and other development along the coast of the threat to marine ecology. Particularly coral reefs, mangroves and sea grasses along the shore of the fisheries resources.
Development of municipal and industrial development directly led to major changes to natural ecosystems compared with forest development, mining or agriculture.
Environmental issues related to urbanization and industrial development, is more complex and often more difficult to handle, This includes waste and sewerage, conservation of green areas in the municipality, an issue with the municipal heat and air and water pollution.
Sewerage and waste services have been privatized in Malaysia to improve its management. However, there are still concerns regarding the environmental impact of this facility. These include the possibility of groundwater contamination at the site the old municipal garbage to the surface which does not fit as well as river water pollution due to discharge of sewage from the settlements and sewage treatment facilities are inadequate.
The absence of a policy of mandatory recycling and lack of incentives to encourage the recycling of municipal undermine efforts to reduce waste. As a result some garbage in the open area will increase rapidly and the risk of water pollution and groundwater maybe will also increase.
Removal of the industry has made the problem of toxic and dangerous waste worse. This problem and its affecting human health is identified since the early 1990s. These problems include pollution of heavy metals, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, petroleum hydrocarbons, particulate substance, polychlorinated, biphenyls (PCBs), cyanide and arsenic.
Pollution of soil and groundwater due to industrial development should be described and classified in a more systematic in Malaysia. In an effort to provide control of dangerous and toxic waste that is effective, the industry should be required to keep records of the type and amount of waste produced by them and the date and how it is disposed. Because waste disposal is a high cost, requires special facilities and contractors, and subcontractors, they should be careful because the incentives to cheat so much.
Temperatures are generally higher in urban areas because the heat generated by the housing, transport and industry and thermal from buildings and roads. The temperature at night at the junction of Jalan Ampang, Jalan Tun Razak in Kuala Lumpur were found to increase about 4 degrees F between 1972 and 1980 due to the increased amount of traffic.
The temperature at night is also changed in the 3-4 degree will be recorded in residential areas. The old residential area with more green areas and tree growth is more moderate temperatures compared to new housing areas. Since the extinction of the green areas in the city must be stopped immediately.
Current requirements under the Town and Country Planning Act 1970 (Revised 1995) to retain all trees with a circumference exceeding 80 cm in any projects under development may contribute to the small state of conservation of urban green areas and control the temperature in urban areas.
Air pollution in urban areas is one example of Malaysia where it has exceeded a critical level and thus affect the potential for environmental self-cleaning. The main sources of air pollution in the Klang Valley is the motor that contributes to the carbon particles (PM-10). Other sources include industrial waste and construction activities (DOE, 1993)
Municipal also influence the level of total suspended particles (TSP) in air (DOE, 1993). Apart from transboundary sources within a certain period each year, the main source of TSP is open burning of residential and agricultural development. Air pollution in the Klang Valley will not be improved unless the control measures implemented immediately.
Land conversion from forest to agriculture has resulted in widespread deforestation. Apart from reducing the amount of the original forests and forest biodiversity and wildlife, deforestation also contributes to soil erosion, sedimentation, damage to slopes and landslide in Malaysia
Continuing deforestation and deforestation in the catchment area will affect the water supply and quality of water resources, affect the ability of the ground water intake and cause more flooding in lowland areas.
Agricultural development support U.S. $ 30 billion in sales of pesticides each year worldwide. Approximately 40% of the total spent in developing countries to toxic compounds such as DDT, and organochlorine orgonofosfat.
According to Repetto and Baliga (1996), Malaysia is one of the most extensive use of pesticides most extensively in Asia. The amount of pesticides used per hectare of crops for 1992, reported 9.2 kg / ha which is nearly ten times the amount used in Thailand for the same period.
In addition to problems of water pollution due to intensive use, the people who use spray and machine operators spray the pesticide will be at risk due to exposure through the skin, particularly when using equipment that is perfect for mixing or spraying pesticides.
Economic wealth can be achieved from the development of the mining industry to reduce damage to the environment, not more than other forms of development. Many mining operations conduct environmental impact assessment.
A related mineral policy has been drafted to take account of environmental factors through the use of performance bonds and other physical measures. However, small scale mining and quarrying operations should be repaired immediately to the management of their environment.
Research shows that small-scale gold mine may interfere with the natural permanent water sources, causing severe sedimentation problems in downstream operations and result in acid mine drainage. In addition, sand mining operations in the plains as well as land reclamation and other development along the coast of the threat to marine ecology. Particularly coral reefs, mangroves and sea grasses along the shore of the fisheries resources.
Development of municipal and industrial development directly led to major changes to natural ecosystems compared with forest development, mining or agriculture.
Environmental issues related to urbanization and industrial development, is more complex and often more difficult to handle, This includes waste and sewerage, conservation of green areas in the municipality, an issue with the municipal heat and air and water pollution.
Sewerage and waste services have been privatized in Malaysia to improve its management. However, there are still concerns regarding the environmental impact of this facility. These include the possibility of groundwater contamination at the site the old municipal garbage to the surface which does not fit as well as river water pollution due to discharge of sewage from the settlements and sewage treatment facilities are inadequate.
The absence of a policy of mandatory recycling and lack of incentives to encourage the recycling of municipal undermine efforts to reduce waste. As a result some garbage in the open area will increase rapidly and the risk of water pollution and groundwater maybe will also increase.
Removal of the industry has made the problem of toxic and dangerous waste worse. This problem and its affecting human health is identified since the early 1990s. These problems include pollution of heavy metals, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, petroleum hydrocarbons, particulate substance, polychlorinated, biphenyls (PCBs), cyanide and arsenic.
Pollution of soil and groundwater due to industrial development should be described and classified in a more systematic in Malaysia. In an effort to provide control of dangerous and toxic waste that is effective, the industry should be required to keep records of the type and amount of waste produced by them and the date and how it is disposed. Because waste disposal is a high cost, requires special facilities and contractors, and subcontractors, they should be careful because the incentives to cheat so much.
Temperatures are generally higher in urban areas because the heat generated by the housing, transport and industry and thermal from buildings and roads. The temperature at night at the junction of Jalan Ampang, Jalan Tun Razak in Kuala Lumpur were found to increase about 4 degrees F between 1972 and 1980 due to the increased amount of traffic.
The temperature at night is also changed in the 3-4 degree will be recorded in residential areas. The old residential area with more green areas and tree growth is more moderate temperatures compared to new housing areas. Since the extinction of the green areas in the city must be stopped immediately.
Current requirements under the Town and Country Planning Act 1970 (Revised 1995) to retain all trees with a circumference exceeding 80 cm in any projects under development may contribute to the small state of conservation of urban green areas and control the temperature in urban areas.
Air pollution in urban areas is one example of Malaysia where it has exceeded a critical level and thus affect the potential for environmental self-cleaning. The main sources of air pollution in the Klang Valley is the motor that contributes to the carbon particles (PM-10). Other sources include industrial waste and construction activities (DOE, 1993)
Municipal also influence the level of total suspended particles (TSP) in air (DOE, 1993). Apart from transboundary sources within a certain period each year, the main source of TSP is open burning of residential and agricultural development. Air pollution in the Klang Valley will not be improved unless the control measures implemented immediately.
Poor Land Use Issues Raised
Categories of land law in Malaysia, as reported in the Report of the Land Capability Classification (Lee and Panton, 1971), including state land, the Land Awarded Title to Agriculture, Land Approved For Mining, Malay Reserve Land, Reserves To Animal Reserve, Orang Asli Reserve, Forest Reserve, Wildlife and Land Given Mlik / Gazetted for public facilities and other purposes.
The last category refers to land for urban development, the grave, police and military reserves, airports and other reserves of the government but does not include water catchment reserves.
Land Development in Malaysia include the development of new areas for agriculture, forestry and land conversion for industrial growth and urbanization. Increasing diversity of land use conflicts in relation to development goals. The rapid development has made the land a competition in Malaysia. It also led to poor land use practices in certain circumstances.
Categories of land law in Malaysia, as reported in the Report of the Land Capability Classification (Lee and Panton, 1971), including state land, the Land Awarded Title to Agriculture, Land Approved For Mining, Malay Reserve Land, Reserves To Animal Reserve, Orang Asli Reserve, Forest Reserve, Wildlife and Land Given Mlik / Gazetted for public facilities and other purposes.
The last category refers to land for urban development, the grave, police and military reserves, airports and other reserves of the government but does not include water catchment reserves.
Land Development in Malaysia include the development of new areas for agriculture, forestry and land conversion for industrial growth and urbanization. Increasing diversity of land use conflicts in relation to development goals. The rapid development has made the land a competition in Malaysia. It also led to poor land use practices in certain circumstances.
Poor land use practices can lead to serious problems and face barriers to development in the long run. Problems that may arise including the destruction of the remains on the ability of land to provide environmental and economic benefits, inefficient use of available natural resources and the accumulation of negative effects. In terms of area, agriculture will be one of the most extensive land development in Malaysia.
Modern agricultural techniques and practices, supported by the use of machinery and input large amounts of energy from fossil fuels has made agriculture more productive in the country but have an impact on the environment. Conversion of land from forest to agriculture has resulted in widespread deforestation, reducing the number and diversity of forests and forest wildlife biology.
In addition, opening new areas for agriculture has resulted in dwindling mineral resources in this area. despite the fact that most land has been reduced to agricultural development, most fertile soil is not used for food production, but used for other purposes such as housing, recreation and industrial area.
Modern agricultural techniques and practices, supported by the use of machinery and input large amounts of energy from fossil fuels has made agriculture more productive in the country but have an impact on the environment. Conversion of land from forest to agriculture has resulted in widespread deforestation, reducing the number and diversity of forests and forest wildlife biology.
In addition, opening new areas for agriculture has resulted in dwindling mineral resources in this area. despite the fact that most land has been reduced to agricultural development, most fertile soil is not used for food production, but used for other purposes such as housing, recreation and industrial area.
In addition, coastal and inland fishing is not so successful in the competition for land development which in turn undermine local food production. Efforts to promote food production and promote food-based industries should be strengthened in an effort to provide food security for the country.
Country's food import costs about RM8 billion reported a year and contributed to the current account deficit (NST, 1997). Given the current economic slowdown and currency crisis, the matter should be dealt with immediately.
Due to the increasing population in urban areas, increasing infrastructure development to the problem area and less appropriate. This area is often exposed to floods, river erosion, landslides and sedimentation, unless proper control measures are taken.
In some cases, control measures were not taken and the best way for the safety of the population is this area not be developed for housing but used for other purposes such as parks, nature reserves and recreation areas.
In 1996 there were 100 floods, 20 landslides, eight incidents and seven cases of sediment eroded river banks, reported in the Klang Valley alone. This underscores the need for integrated urban management strengthened to make human settlements safer and more secure.
Country's food import costs about RM8 billion reported a year and contributed to the current account deficit (NST, 1997). Given the current economic slowdown and currency crisis, the matter should be dealt with immediately.
Due to the increasing population in urban areas, increasing infrastructure development to the problem area and less appropriate. This area is often exposed to floods, river erosion, landslides and sedimentation, unless proper control measures are taken.
In some cases, control measures were not taken and the best way for the safety of the population is this area not be developed for housing but used for other purposes such as parks, nature reserves and recreation areas.
In 1996 there were 100 floods, 20 landslides, eight incidents and seven cases of sediment eroded river banks, reported in the Klang Valley alone. This underscores the need for integrated urban management strengthened to make human settlements safer and more secure.
Environmental Pollution
POLLUTION
Disposal of waste materials, uncontrolled can lead to environmental pollution. Pollution is a collection of materials that are not suited to life in our environment. Materials that do not fit are called contaminants.
Most of the pollution is caused by human activities. There are many different types of pollution:
(A) Air pollution
(B) Water pollution
(C) Soil
AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution occurs when there are contaminants in the air. Examples of these pollutants are dust,
dust, smoke and poisonous gases.
The table below shows the sources of air pollution and major pollutants produced.
POLLUTION
Disposal of waste materials, uncontrolled can lead to environmental pollution. Pollution is a collection of materials that are not suited to life in our environment. Materials that do not fit are called contaminants.
Most of the pollution is caused by human activities. There are many different types of pollution:
(A) Air pollution
(B) Water pollution
(C) Soil
AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution occurs when there are contaminants in the air. Examples of these pollutants are dust,
dust, smoke and poisonous gases.
The table below shows the sources of air pollution and major pollutants produced.
SOURCES OF POLLUTION
Burning fossil fuels in factories and in motor vehicle engines
Burning rubbish and large-scale forest
Spraying of pesticides and chemicals
The use of chlorofluorocarbon gases (CFCs)
Burning fossil fuels in factories and in motor vehicle engines
Burning rubbish and large-scale forest
Spraying of pesticides and chemicals
The use of chlorofluorocarbon gases (CFCs)
CONTAMINANTS
Sulfur dioxide gas, nitrogen dioxide, carbon and dust monoxide
Carbon dioxide gas and dust
Gas and toxic chemicals
CFC gases
Sulfur dioxide gas, nitrogen dioxide, carbon and dust monoxide
Carbon dioxide gas and dust
Gas and toxic chemicals
CFC gases
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION HARMFUL
1. When we breathe, the contaminated air entering the body and affect our health.
2. Dust and poisonous gases from factories, vehicle exhaust and spraying pesticides
disease if inhaled.
3. The disease is associated with respiratory and eye diseases.
Shrinkage of the Ozone Layer
1. Ozone layer is a layer that protects us from sun radiation.
2. The emancipation of CFC gases used in spray equipment, air conditioner in the refrigerator thin ozone layer.
3. This results in more sunlight reaching the earth.
4. Exposure to sunshine can cause skin cancer.
Formation of Acid Rain
1. The emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide combined with rainwater to form acid rain.
2. Acid rain can kill plants and fish.
3. It also eroded the clothing, paper and building materials.
The increase in temperature in the Earth
1. Carbon dioxide is too much in the air will trap heat.
2. So increasing the temperature of the earth warms and our environment.
1. When we breathe, the contaminated air entering the body and affect our health.
2. Dust and poisonous gases from factories, vehicle exhaust and spraying pesticides
disease if inhaled.
3. The disease is associated with respiratory and eye diseases.
Shrinkage of the Ozone Layer
1. Ozone layer is a layer that protects us from sun radiation.
2. The emancipation of CFC gases used in spray equipment, air conditioner in the refrigerator thin ozone layer.
3. This results in more sunlight reaching the earth.
4. Exposure to sunshine can cause skin cancer.
Formation of Acid Rain
1. The emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide combined with rainwater to form acid rain.
2. Acid rain can kill plants and fish.
3. It also eroded the clothing, paper and building materials.
The increase in temperature in the Earth
1. Carbon dioxide is too much in the air will trap heat.
2. So increasing the temperature of the earth warms and our environment.
3. This will cause flooding due to melting polar ice on earth, and drought in some parts of the world.
WATER POLLUTION
1. Source of water supply comes from rivers, seas, ponds and lakes.
2. Water can be contaminated by
(A) the waste disposal plant
(B) oil spills from ships
(C) the removal of rubbish and excrement
(D) soil erosion caused by logging and rampant construction.
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
1. Source of water supply comes from rivers, seas, ponds and lakes.
2. Water can be contaminated by
(A) the waste disposal plant
(B) oil spills from ships
(C) the removal of rubbish and excrement
(D) soil erosion caused by logging and rampant construction.
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
Affecting Health
1. Waste-sisakilang being dumped into the river water poisoned.
2. This is harmful to our health if the water used for drinking or bathing.
3. Garbage and excrement being dumped into the river is the growth of bacteria that cause disease.
Water Life Killer
1. The oil spilled into the sea to prevent entry of air into the seawater.
2. So plants and animals that live in the sea could not breathe and will die.
3. River water containing waste water plant also poison wildlife.
4. Accumulated debris and mud deposited in the water due to soil erosion to prevent the entrance
sunlight into the water.
5. This affects the growth of water plants.
Natural Beauty Worsen
1. The beaches are filled with garbage is not looking.
2. The river and the sea smell.
Langgan:
Catatan (Atom)
